Black white cartoon characters일자리

I'm seeking a creative graphic designer with a keen understanding of non-fiction book cover aesthetics. My book dives into the genre of self-help, with a focus on delivering a message of empowerment to the readers aged 20-30. Title - ATOM JOBS Sub Title - 9 Dream Job Secrets with AI Background Color - white Author Name: Akhilesh Telkar Ideal candidates should have: - Proven experience in designing captivating book covers, particularly in the non-fiction and self-help genres. - Aptitude for understanding the target audience and creating designs that appeal to them. - Excellent communication skills to understand the vision for the book cover and bring it to life. Impress me with your portfolio and let's collaborate to create a book cover that speaks directly to the audi...

I'm looking for a design professional skilled in creating memorable logos to craft a modern yet simple logo for my accounting business. This logo should be an excellent representation of the key aspects of my business. - Colors: Predominantly use blue and white. Feel free to incorporate additional colors only if they blend well and look professional. - Style: The logo should have a modern look, steering away from traditional designs. - Optional Symbolism: You could incorporate an upwards arrow or graph as a key element in the design to depict growth and progress. This element should be subtle yet explicit in its representation. We are open to seeing other symbols or none. Our website is: Please use this to get a feel of the existing branding, colours

I'm seeking a talented artist who can create simple, yet professional cartoon-sketches of 18 specified politicians. This project will involve creating a logo and a banner incorporating the logo. Key Requirements: - Skilled in cartoon-style drawing - Able to create 18 distinct politician sketches - Experience in creating logos and banners - Ability to work with specific provided content (politicians) The Ideal Freelancer: The ideal candidate for this project is an artist with a flair for cartoon-style drawing and a portfolio that reflects this. They should have experience in creating branding elements like logos and banners. A good understanding of character design and a portfolio with similar work will be a plus. Looking for someone who is creative, can work ...

...traffic to these websites. Key Responsibilities: - Conduct thorough keyword research related to the Miami area - Implement on-page optimization techniques to enhance each website's search visibility and user experience - Perform off-page optimization to build quality backlinks and improve domain authority - Regularly monitor and report on the performance of the implemented SEO strategies - Utilize white-hat SEO techniques that align with Google's guidelines - Collaborate with me to ensure that the SEO strategies are aligned with my business goals Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven track record in managing SEO projects for multiple websites - Proficiency in on-page and off-page SEO practices - Strong understanding of keyword research and implementation - Expertise ...

As agreed we have to follow the same style as last time to create 3 more cosmic cartoon style avatars

I have a video of a vehicle involved in an accident, and I need a professional with video manipulation experience to slow down the video and read the license plate. This is required for a police report. Key Responsibilities: - Analyze the video to find the specific frame where the license plate is visible. - Slow down the video effectively for deta...video to find the specific frame where the license plate is visible. - Slow down the video effectively for detailed examination. - Accurately decode and transcribe the license plate information. Ideal Candidate: - Proficient in video editing software. - Previous experience in video analysis and enhancement. - Attention to detail and ability to work on a sensitive matter. Need the details of the white pickup that pulls out on the left...

I am seeking a graphic designer how can abstract a high res logo of an existent brand design. Your deliverable: - Create an original, abstract logo for ExcitaBrand - Use a color palette of yellow, white, black, and orange (as per current design) The ideal freelancer should deliver within 2 days and should be comfortable with abstract designs and skilled in color theory to effectively combine yellow, white, black, and orange to create a logo that is modern, engaging, and visually appealing.

I am in search of a capable graph...crafting a minimalistic logo for my brand. Key features of this logo should include: - Primary color: Black - Style: Minimalistic. Keep it simple and clean. Less is more. - Symbols: Incorporate elements of nature within the design. Ideal expertise: - Proven experience in minimalistic logo design - Portfolio demonstrating the skill to compose logos incorporating natural elements - Strong understanding of color schemes, particularly with the use of black - Artistic and creative approach to provide unique design solutions. Stand out by demonstrating your understanding of minimalism within graphic design, and how to successfully apply this to logo creation. Your previous experience using black as the main color in a project wi...

I'm looking for a talented designer who can crea...company department. Key Requirements: - Mascot Type: Animal Character - Emotion/Trait: Friendliness - Design Format: Both digital illustrations and 3D model The mascot needs to be appealing, friendly, and easily recognizable. It will be used across various digital and physical platforms to promote our services. Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in mascot design, particularly animal characters - Proficiency in both digital illustration and 3D modeling - Ability to capture and convey emotions and traits through design - Strong understanding of brand representation and appeal Your design will play a crucial role in establishing our brand identity and enhancing customer engagement. Looking forward to seeing your crea...

I'm after a 3D cartoonist, who specializes in creating engaging and quick animations. The video I need will be less than a minute long, and its main purpose is for promotional content. Key Requirements: - 3D Animation: We're looking for a 3D animation style, so relevant experience is crucial. - Video Duration: The video will be less than a minute in duration, so your ability to convey a message succinctly is important. - Promotional Content: The video will primarily serve as promotional content, so a creative mindset towards marketing is a plus. Ideal Freelancer: - A 3D Animator with a strong portfolio in creating short, engaging promotional animations. - A Creative professional capable of converting our ideas into a visually appealing story. - A Professional with a good unders...

I am in need of a talented illustrator specifically skilled in creating cartoon illustrations. The project at hand is a children's book, so you should have a whimsical and playful style that appeals to young readers. Key Project Details: - I require less than 10 illustrations for the entire book, each one being integral to the story. - The illustrations will need to be engaging and easy to understand for children, so a background in children's book illustrations is highly preferred. - The final deliverable should be in high-resolution, suitable for print. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficient in creating cartoon-style illustrations. - Prior experience in illustrating children's books is a huge plus. - Able to convey emotions and tell stories through vis...

I need an individual from Mexico City who can conduct a comprehensive market research focusing on the black beans industry. The research will cover aspects like consumer preferences, competition analysis, and pricing trends. Key Tasks: - Gather and analyze data on consumer preferences regarding black beans in Mexico City. - Conduct a thorough competition analysis of the black beans market in the city. - Identify and document the pricing trends of black beans in the local market. - Complete the questionnaire we provided Target Audience: - Consumers: Understand their preferences, purchasing habits, and expectations. - Retailers: Identify key players, their pricing strategies, and market positioning. - Distributors: Explore current distribution network...

I'm seeking a video logo for my neurosurgeon office. The animation style should be more of an informative video add with images of my logo and my picture. I'm looking for a professional and informative tone that isn't cartoonish. - 2D or 3D animation, not cartoon - Incorporate my picture and logo - Professional and informative tone -Website: -Dr Name, Address and Phone and email on there.

...work please look at reference art projects will be rejected if it looks nothing like the character. High Elf Archer is a slender and tall elf with green hair that is long in the back and short in front, with two braids at the side. She has long ears that confirm her status as a High Elf. She wears a green sleeveless archer corset, shorts, a pair of uneven black gloves, knee high boots, and a hood. On adventures, she wears an additional black sleeve over her left arm, the arm guard for her bow arm. She is described as stunningly beautiful, even among elves. On several occasions, she is shown to take the immediate attention of males. She has a small bust, which she is sensitive over. High elf archer should be provocatively dressed and flirty

...The project is a 3D animated music video, with the main theme revolving around a love story. Here are the key details and requirements for the project: - The animation style should be 3D, so a strong background in this area is essential. - The narrative of the music video will focus on a love story, so animating characters to convey emotions and relationships effectively is crucial. - The characters in the video are human, so any previous experience with animating human characters would be highly beneficial. Ideal skills and experience for this project include: - Proficient in 3D animation, including character animation - Experience in creating narrative-driven music videos - Strong portfolio showcasing similar work (3D animation and music-related animations woul...

I'm in need of two cartoon-style illustrations of animals for my project. These will be mainly used for inspirational and communication purposes. Here's what I'm looking for: - A talented illustrator with a knack for cartooning, specifically animal-themed cartoons. - The illustrations should be in a light-hearted, cartoonish style, ideally with previous experience in such illustrations. - Understanding the context of an image is crucial, so I value attentive, detail-oriented creatives who can bring an image to life given a certain theme or message. Remember, the final product should be a captivating image that can illustrate a concept in a fun, engaging way. I can't wait to see your portfolios and start working with you!

No AI generated art work please look at reference art projects will be rejected if it looks nothing like the character. Priestess is a pretty young woman with long blond hair that is tied back in a small ponytail by a small blue bow with chest-length hair strands hanging on either side and blue eyes. She is usually seen wearing white robes over blue garbs, both laced with golden outlines and wielding a golden-colored staff decorated with blue jewels. Unseen, during adventures, she also wears protective chainmail under her garb. Priestess should be provocatively dressed and flirty but not over overly done to the point of pornogrophy More details: Is this project for business or personal use? Personal What information should successful

I'm in need of a logo design for my BBQ cook off team. The logo should feature two bulls back to back with flames behind them. Additionally, I'd like to incorporate the outline of the state of Texas. Key Requirements: - Incorporate the elements of two bulls, flames, and the Texas state outline into the design. - The logo should primarily be colored in blue, gray, black, and red. - Use a bold style font for any text that is included in the logo. Design Preferences: - The style of the logo should be more on the realistic side as opposed to cartoonish. Ideal Candidate: - Prior experience in creating logo designs, particularly those with an illustrative or graphic art focus. - Proficiency in using design software such as Adobe Illustrator or Photoshop. - A strong understand...

No AI generated art work please look at reference art projects will be rejected if it looks nothing like the character. Cow Girl is a young woman with rose-colored eyes and short red hair. Working on a farm since childhood has given her an athletic body. She is often seen wearing a long-sleeved shirt, black overalls, and black work boots. Cowgirl should be provocatively dressed and flirty but not over overly done to the point of pornography More details: Is this project for business or personal use? Personal What information should successful freelancers include in their application? Experience How soon do you need your project completed? Within 2 weeks

Remove Background of 155 Images & deliver as JPEG white Background.

I need an expert to address mesh deformation problems in my 3D characters created in Blender. - The initial modeling was done in Blender. - The primary issue we are facing is mesh deformation. - The character files are in FBX format. Ideal candidates should have: - Proficient experience in Blender - Expertise in character modeling and skinning - A strong background in fixing mesh deformation issues - Knowledge of FBX format and compatibility - Good communication skills to understand the project requirements and provide updates on the progress. IMPORTANT :The main issue is in the mesh called headarms ,the model has many meshes that are disabled to make it easier for you to fix the headarms mesh ,the character has a rig already but when i added the headarms mesh this mesh had er...

I need a professional freelancer to help remove the background of a product image and replace it with a clean white background. Key Requirements: - Remove background of a product image - Replace it with a white background Please note that the image may require additional editing services like color correction, resizing, text or logo addition. Ideal skills for this role: - Proficiency in image editing software - Experience in product photography - Attention to detail

I am seeking a logo graphic designer to create two simple, text-only logos. Please see the attached example for reference. Key Requirements: - Expertise in minimalistic design: A strong portfolio showcasing previous work in min...text-only logos. Please see the attached example for reference. Key Requirements: - Expertise in minimalistic design: A strong portfolio showcasing previous work in minimalistic logo design is a must. - Versatility: Ability to create a design that looks equally good on both digital platforms and print materials, as well as scalable for merchandise. - Color expertise: The logo will predominantly be in white, however, I'd like a subtle touch of pink in one variation, and a touch of purple in another. Please provide samples of your previous work in si...

We need the grey heller added to our wedding picture. Next to the black German shepherd This project relies on capturing a unique moment – our wedding photo – with a unique twist. Here's what I have in mind: • Adding a Heeler dog: It's essential to accurately capture this breed's distinct features. Previous experience working with images of dogs would be a great plus. • The dog's position and expression: The Heeler should be calmly lying down in front of us, keeping the serenity of the moment intact. Graphic designers or photo editors with experience in adding realistic elements to photographs would be ideal for this task. A good understanding of breeds, especially Heelers, would be a definite advantage to ensure a natural integration i...

I'm looking for four fitness experts - 2 males and 2 females, with diverse backgrounds (white and black) - to help me create short, low-intensity home workout videos. These videos will be targeted at individuals looking to lose weight. - Each video should be 1 minute or less in duration. - I need the experts to provide a variety of workouts focusing on different areas of the body. Ideal candidates should have a strong fitness background, experience in creating workout videos and a good understanding of weight loss and low-intensity workouts. A good on-screen presence is also important. The goal is to create engaging videos that are accessible to a wide range of users, with a focus on simplicity and efficacy.

I am seeking an experienced animator to create a 1-3 minute 2D cartoon animation. The animation will be used in a PowerPoint presentation to educate my audience about a specific topic. Key Requirements: - The animation must focus on simplicity and clarity. - A professional, clean and visually appealing cartoon style is preferred. - The animation should seamlessly fit into a PowerPoint presentation, so I can easily integrate it into my slides. - The final product should be between 1-3 minutes long. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in creating educational 2D animations. - Proficiency in using animation software and tools. - Strong understanding of storytelling and how to convey information effectively. - A portfolio of past work showcasing similar projects wou...

I'm looking for a creative graphic designer with a minimalist approach to craft a sleek, modern, black and white logo for my brand. The logo should incorporate a diamond and a crown symbol. To be the perfect fit for this project: - You should be experienced in minimalist graphic design - You should have a sound understanding of how to work with different shapes to create a cohesive emblem - Experience in designing logos with abstract symbols is a plus - Have ability to deliver in black and white color palettes. By bringing these elements together, I hope to have a logo that successfully communicates the brand philosophy and creates a memorable visual impact.

I'm looking for a skilled designer to create a logo for my company, Drew. The logo should primarily convey a sense of professionalism and must be in black and white. Key Requirements: - Design a professional, clean, and minimalistic logo for Drew. - Incorporate only the colors black and white. - Ensure the logo effectively conveys professionalism. Ideal Freelancer: - Experience in creating logo designs that communicate professionalism. - Strong portfolio showcasing clean and minimalistic logo designs. - Proficient in designing with a limited color palette. DESCRIPTION: Please modify the attached logo: -Use the word "DREW" in the same font -Instead of a Penguin image, use a beverage cooler image -Logo should maintain the same format with the wo...

I'm looking for a designer to create an abstract, black and white logo for my company. The design should be simple, yet bold; a visual representation of my company name. Key requirements: - The logo should be primarily in black and white. - It should follow an abstract style. Ideal skills and experience: - Proven experience in logo design, particularly in creating abstract logos. - Strong understanding of the principles of design and branding. - Ability to develop a unique and memorable logo that aligns with my company's vision and values.

...company, PumpSpec, along with its divisions R&D Pumps & Power, National Mining & Civil Solutions, , and Thinkwater Fleurieu. The primary goal is to create a cohesive and modern visual identity that reflects our businesses. Key deliverables include: - Design of letterheads and business cards for each division, aligned with the new visual identity - Incorporating the chosen color scheme of Black and Blue, with the option to add other complementary colors - Inclusion of essential information on the stationery such as company name, address, phone number, website and email address, logo and tagline we want all businesses to be on the footer The desired design style should be bold and modern. The end result should be professional and eye-catching, reflecting our varied ...

I'm seeking the expertise of a seasoned designer to create engaging Instagram templates representing my mining and emergency services company. The overall aesthetic should be simple yet captivating, mainly focusing on blue, white, and black palettes. Watermarked images are encouraged. Posts will be focused heavily on photos. I have attached some examples below as well as our company name and graphic to possibly be included on posts. We would like to have an overall theme for every post. Key Elements: - Despite the user not selecting any specific template designs, your creative acumen to propose a diverse mix of templates is welcome. - The templates should effectively communicate our company's values and mission, depict the benefits of our products and services, and...

I'm seeking a creative and experienced graphic designer to design a logo for my rock band. The final design should be striking, memorable, and suitable for a rock band. The band's name is Rockafella. We just want the attached style, the logo colours white, black and red pretty much the same as the attached picks with the lighting bolt. will be used web site FB, Insta and t-shirts etc.

I'm in need of a talented illustrator to bring my Dungeons and Dragons characters to life. The project involves three or more characters, including my Dungeon Master. Requirements: - I'm specifically looking for a cartoonish style, so prior experience in this genre is highly preferred. - The illustrations should be in color, as this will help to capture the essence of each character and add a level of vibrancy to their personalities. Ideal skills and experience for this project include: - Proficiency in cartoonish illustration. - Strong understanding of character design and storytelling. - The ability to take written descriptions of characters and translate them into engaging, colorful visuals. - A portfolio that showcases your previous work in a similar st...

I'm seeking a talented artist, adept in realistic illustrations, to bring to life the characters and scenes in my children's book, "Our House has Webbed Feet." The primary target audience for this book are children aged between 4-7 years. Key Requirements: - Ability to illustrate with a realistic style - Experienced in creating age-appropriate content for young children - Capable of intricately detailing architectural elements within illustrations. The focus of the illustrations should be on the house, emphasizing its unique "webbed feet." These architectural details are crucial to the narrative and should be highlighted accordingly in the work. The illustrator must also be comfortable working within a lively, whimsical narrative. Skills nee...

I'm looking for a skilled tattoo designer who can create a unique black and white tattoo design to be placed on my arm. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficient in tattoo design - Expertise in black and white art - Understanding of arm tattoo placement Additional Notes: - I'm open to creative suggestions and ideas - The design should be original and not copied from existing tattoos Existing tattoo sample picture added. Would like a unique tattoo designed based on the lower flower and leaves. Back half of upper arm. Could be a mixture of flower types that go with the sample photo.

...highlighting ancient history and require an experienced illustrator proficient in creating cartoon-styled visuals. My project will involve: - Illustrating historical battles - Depicting ancient cultural events - Drawing ancient historical landmarks Illustration for a book about african history. May require anywhere from 100-150 illustrations for various stories. 20 unique stories. 5-10 images per story The ideal candidate for this project will have a keen interest in history accuracy, able to incorporate historical details into cartoons, making the past not only educational but entertaining to our readers. Existing portfolio or previous illustrations of history content is a big plus. Experience with cartoon illustration is essential. You'll be provided with...

I need a modern logo and business card design template for my business "Peak Point Branding". - I prefer the colors blue, green, and white for both the logo and the business card. I like light shades of these colors. - The style and theme of the design should be modern. - The target audience for my business are professionals. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Graphic Design: You should have experience in designing modern, professional logos and business cards. - Understanding of Color Psychology: Knowledge of how different colors can influence the audience is a plus. - Branding Experience: Experience designing for professional target audiences will be highly valued. Please make sure to provide a portfolio of your design work, particularly any previous examples of modern...

...do with accident lawyers and accident attorneys. I require top notch communication efforts with my team and myself. Software should not be used to gain rankings. Everything should be manual. Evidence of software being used will be grounds for project cancellation. I am OK with Chat GPT being used to create blog articles that contain appropriate backlinks to the website. Only white hat methods may be used. If black hat methods are found to be used, then the project will be immediately cancelled. I must be 100% happy with the results and how the results are being obtained. The team is to work with me to achieve great rankings. If I say something needs tweaked a bit, I expect the team to listen to my desires as long as those desires will reach the end goal. I should see ...

I'm seeking a talented designer to create a logo for my basketball team, Newburgh NewYork. Here's what I have in mind: - Style: I'm aiming for an abstract design, so feel free to explore innovative and creative ideas. - Color Scheme: I'm particularly interested in a color scheme that combines Yankee blue and white. - Elements: The logo must prominently feature a basketball, as this is the primary theme. The ideal candidate for this project should have a strong background in graphic design and proven experience in creating abstract logos. You should be able to bring a fresh and unique perspective to the design, while also being able to balance simplicity and creativity. Experience in sports-related design projects would be a plus but not mandatory. Please pro...

I'm looking for a logo for my YouTube channel "El-Gamal" that's both modern and sophisticated. The logo should reflect the idea of profit without emphasizing investment. Add wonderful and distinctive things that indicate that it is a profit channel Required colors : are red and black Key Requirements: - A minimalist style that is modern and sophisticated - Not too focused on investment themes - A design that subtly conveys the concept of profit Please Note: - I haven't specified colors, leaving room for your creativity. - I didn't provide specific details about the target audience, as I'd like a design that can appeal to a broad range of viewers. Ideal Skills: - Logo Design - Minimalist Design - Understanding of Branding and Marketing Looking f...

I'm seeking a talented and experienced illustrator who specializes in cartoon-style art for a children's book project. The project includes the creation and design of characters. Key elements include: - Designing and illustrating less than 10 pages of a children's book in a cartoon style. - Creation of unique and captivating characters to support the narrative. - Full-color illustrations that are engaging for young readers. Ideal candidates should have a strong portfolio demonstrating their ability to create cartoon-style characters and environments. Experience with children's book illustration will be highly regarded, but isn't essential. Creative input is welcomed.

I am looking to develop a unique 3D animation character - a female mosquito with exaggerated characteristics such as a large body and big eyelashes. The traits should appeal to the softer side and present the mosquito charact...character - a female mosquito with exaggerated characteristics such as a large body and big eyelashes. The traits should appeal to the softer side and present the mosquito character as adorable, and even cute. Required Skills and Experience: - Advanced skillset in 3D animation and character design - Ability to carry a concept to completion and create characters with a distinct style - Experience in creating cute and endearing characters I am looking for a freelancer who can bring this 3D character to life, injecting it with charm and charisma which...

...do with accident lawyers and accident attorneys. I require top notch communication efforts with my team and myself. Software should not be used to gain rankings. Everything should be manual. Evidence of software being used will be grounds for project cancellation. I am OK with Chat GPT being used to create blog articles that contain appropriate backlinks to the website. Only white hat methods may be used. If black hat methods are found to be used, then the project will be immediately cancelled. I must be 100% happy with the results and how the results are being obtained. The team is to work with me to achieve great rankings. If I say something needs tweaked a bit, I expect the team to listen to my desires as long as those desires will reach the end goal. I should see ...

I need a logo design for my hair salon, "CXR Hair Studio". I'm looking for a simple and sleek text-based logo. You can have the words “cxr” and “hair studios” in different fonts to spice it up. The main requirements are: - Color Scheme: The logo should have a black background with white letters. The words “CXR” and “hair studios” can be in different fonts to spice it up as well. This minimalist approach will help maintain a clean, professional look that's essential for a hair salon. - Font Style: I'm hoping to have an elegant font style for the logo. This will give it a sophisticated and stylish visual appeal. - Graphic Elements: I'm not looking for any graphic elements to be incorporated with the...

...replicate the image supplied and piece them together to created a large wrap. Thanks. Challenger 2 tank Royal Tank Regiment symbol Fire Engine Firefighter Skydiver Motorbike Camper van Classic mini car Volkswagen t3 van Vw crafter 2019 van Lady graduating in the gown Husband and wife 4 children, 3 boys 1 girl Tent Beach Staffordshire bull Terrier ( white face, brown patch over the right eye) Cockapoo Black and white tabby cat...

I'm looking for a talented graphic designer to create a vibrant, 8k cartoon profile photo for my PUBG account. Key Requirements: - Style: Cartoon - The photo should be in a visually appealing, animated style. - Elements: In-game items - I'd like the photo to include some notable in-game items, which I will provide for reference. - Color Scheme: Bright and vibrant - The overall color palette should be lively and eye-catching. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Strong background in graphic design, with experience in creating cartoon-style artworks. - Proficiency in using design software to create high-resolution, detailed images. - Familiarity with PUBG or similar games to understand and accurately depict in-game items. Note: As the photo will be used as ...

I'm looking for a graphic designer to create a logo for my t-shirt line, "Suspect Statements". The theme of the line is true crime show quotes and clichés, so I need the logo to convey a sense of crime, wit, and style. Key Requirements: - Incorporating US yellow crime scene tape into the logo - Using a color palette of black, yellow, and white - Typography should be edgy and bold Ideal Skills: - Graphic design with experience in creating logos for clothing lines - Proficiency in creating designs that are both stylish and thematic - Understanding of how to incorporate specific symbols in a creative manner Please provide a portfolio of your previous logo designs, particularly those that are related to clothing brands or have a similar edgy style. Lookin...

i would want to start with black matte bottle, silver shiny cap, antique silver ornament

I'm looking for a talented logo designer to create a logo for my electrical company, Everglow. Key Points: - Colors: I've attached the primary colour palette, the blue (#235784) is the main colour the rest are accent colours. The logo must also work as a white variant for uniform and websites etc. - Style: I'm particularly keen on a minimalist design, something that is simple yet eye-catching. I want it to give off a modern vibe. Attached is one we designed on a logo generator and have used up until now. - Type: The logo should be primarily text-based, although I'm open to subtle, creative touches for an added layer of depth. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in logo design, with a strong portfolio of minimalist designs. - Proficiency in using ...